The mean 2D: 4D ratio of left hand and right hand in adult male were 0.967 and 0.99 respectively. The ratio was then obtained by dividing second finger length by fourth finger length. Result: The mean 2D: 4D ratio of left hand and right hand in adult female were 0.98 and 0.99 respectively. The distance of second finger and fourth finger was calculated from mid-point of proximal most digital crease to distal most end of the finger. The 2D:4D ratio can be used to assess androgen action.Aim: This study attempts to find out 2D:4D ratio of left and right hand in adult females and males and to find out whether any difference exists among these variables in males and females.Methods: A total of 83 adults were included in the study. Assessment of fetal androgen levels and exposure are essential to predict normal development and future reproductive disorders. Genital development in fetus depends on adequate and timely exposure to sex steroids. Keywords: 2D:4D ratio, pulmonary function, sex hormones.Background: 2D:4D ratio is a sexually dimorphic marker that act as potential marker of prenatal androgen exposure. This may show that 2D:4D is a biomarker for male’s pulmonary function and not females. The results of this study do not agree with current literature, however, when broken into gender subgroups there was significant results for males. Significant results were found between males 2D:4D of the right hand against FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC (R values, FVC= -0.33, FEV1= -0.36, FEV1/FVC= -0.30).ĭiscussion: It was shown that there was no significant correlation between 2D:4D ratio in healthy individuals between the age of 18-30 and their lung functions. Males were also shown to have the more improved pulmonary function for VC, FVC and FEV1, however, both genders were similar for FEV1/FVC (FEV1/FVC females=0.82☐.19, males=0.82☐.12). When participants were split into gender subgroups key differences were seen including the female population having a similar 2D:4D ratio on both hands (right hand =0.9997☐.04, left hand= 0.9995☐.04) whereas, with the male population there was a smaller ratio on the right hand compared to the left (right hand = 0.985☐.04, left hand= 1.00☐.04). The outcome from using the left hand data also provided insignificant results, however, these were mixed of both negative and positive correlations (R values, VC= -0.01, FVC= 0.01, FEV1= 0.09, FEV1/FVC= 0.11). The outcome of the analysis of the participants right hand 2D:4D ratio against their lung function test provided a weak negative correlation, however, the p values were ≥0.05 providing it to be insignificant (R values, VC= -0.17, FVC= -0.20, FEV1= -0.15, FEV1/FVC= -0.03). Results: The statistical tests used to analyse results included completing both paired and unpaired t-tests and Pearson’s correlations which were carried out using the functionality available in Microsoft Excel. All lung function tests were done through use of a vitalograph alpha where individuals provided a VC and an FEV1. Participants were also asked to complete a data sheet before having their height and weight measured with a balance and stadiometer. The measurements were taken three times with the average used for results and calculations. Methods and Materials: A total of 51 participants were enrolled in this study and their 2D and 4D measurements were taken from both right and left hand with use of a digital Vernier caliper. Due to this, I investigated if there was a significant relationship between healthy individuals 2D:4D ratio and their lung function As a result of this 2D:4D ratio is thought to be a common biomarker for a number of physiological and psychological aspects including pulmonary function. Background: 2D:4D ratio is known to be developed during prenatal development and is influenced by sex hormones and homeobox a and d genes.
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